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Pneumonia Pediatric Care Plan

By K Health
Medically reviewed checkmarkMedically reviewed
December 1, 2020

What is Pneumonia?

Pneumonia is an infection of lungs that can be serious, especially in small children. In children less than 5 years old, pneumonia is usually caused by viruses whereas in older children it is usually caused by bacteria. 

Symptoms of pneumonia include:

  • Fever
  • Cough
  • Decreased appetite
  • Trouble breathing or chest pain
  • Breathing faster than usual – this is especially true in smaller children and infants

Learn more about the signs and symptoms of pneumonia.

How is Pneumonia Diagnosed?

  • Usually pneumonia can be diagnosed by physical exam alone. The combination of fever, cough, a change in breathing pattern, and lung exam findings is usually enough to make the diagnosis. 
  • Chest X-ray is usually not necessary. Sometimes your provider might get a chest x-ray if they’re worried about an especially bad infection or if your child needs to be hospitalized.

How is Pneumonia Treated?

  • Antibiotics are given only for bacterial pneumonia. Viral pneumonias are not treated with antibiotics. When administered, antibiotics can be given orally if the child does not appear too sick. If the child looks very sick or can’t take oral antibiotics, they should be hospitalized for treatment.
  • Fluids: make sure your child drinks plenty of fluids.
  • Pain and fever control: Use ibuprofen and Tylenol as needed to manage pain and discomfort.

See a Doctor in Person If…

All suspected pneumonias must be seen in person to confirm diagnosis. Go to the emergency room if:

  • Your child is having difficulty breathing
  • Your child looks very sick
  • You’re worried your child might be dehydrated
  • Your child has bad chest pain
  • Your child’s face shows a bluish discoloration
K Health articles are all written and reviewed by MDs, PhDs, NPs, or PharmDs and are for informational purposes only. This information does not constitute and should not be relied on for professional medical advice. Always talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of any treatment.

K Health

Reliable, relatable medical information written by hundreds of board-certified clinicians, updated regularly to ensure accuracy.

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